Physical Therapy Assistant Practice Exam

What describes the level of assistance a patient transitioning from a hospital bed might need based on blood pressure changes?

1. Complete dependence

2. Minimal assistance

3. Modified independence

4. Independent

The correct answer is: Modified independence

In the context of a patient transitioning from a hospital bed and experiencing fluctuations in blood pressure, the term "modified independence" refers to a situation where the patient requires some assistance or supervision to ensure safety, but can essentially perform the majority of tasks on their own. This may involve the patient being able to stand or walk with the use of assistive devices or while being monitored by a therapist or caregiver. Blood pressure changes, especially postural hypotension, can lead to dizziness or lightheadedness, which is why it is crucial for patients to receive guidance and support during transitions such as moving from a lying position to sitting or standing. It's an acknowledgment that while the patient has some level of capability, their safety is a priority, and they should have assistance to mitigate risks associated with their current condition. In contrast, options like complete dependence or minimal assistance do not accurately capture the balance of independence and support that pertains to modified independence. Complete dependence would imply that the patient cannot participate in any aspect of their care without total help, while minimal assistance suggests that the patient only needs slight help, which may not be sufficient given the context of fluctuating blood pressure. Therefore, modified independence is the most appropriate descriptor for the situation, emphasizing the need for assistance