Physical Therapy Assistant Practice Exam

What defines a stage IV pressure ulcer?

1. Partial-thickness tissue loss

2. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed fat

3. Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle

4. Base of the ulcer covered by eschar

The correct answer is: Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, or muscle

A stage IV pressure ulcer is characterized by full-thickness tissue loss, meaning that the ulcer extends through the skin and underlying tissue to expose structures such as bone, tendon, or muscle. This definition aligns with the understanding of how pressure ulcers progress in severity, with stage IV indicating the most advanced level of tissue damage and loss. In this stage, the ulcer can often lead to complications such as infection, as the underlying bones and muscles are more susceptible due to the exposure. The presence of exposed bone, tendon, or muscle also highlights the importance of comprehensive care and treatment to not only facilitate healing but to prevent further complications associated with such deep-tissue injury. Recognizing this stage is crucial for healthcare professionals, including physical therapy assistants, as it informs the appropriate interventions and management strategies required for effective patient care.