Physical Therapy Assistant Practice Exam

What blood pressure response indicates a need to return a patient to a recumbent position due to orthostatic hypotension?

1. Increase in systolic blood pressure

2. No change in blood pressure

3. Decrease in systolic blood pressure greater than 20 mm Hg

4. Decrease in diastolic blood pressure greater than 5 mm Hg

The correct answer is: Decrease in systolic blood pressure greater than 20 mm Hg

A decrease in systolic blood pressure greater than 20 mm Hg indicates a significant drop that is characteristic of orthostatic hypotension. Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a marked decrease in blood pressure upon standing or changing positions, causing symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting. This condition reflects a failure of the body's compensatory mechanisms to regulate blood flow and maintain adequate pressure, particularly when moving from a prone or seated position to standing. In this context, a drop of more than 20 mm Hg in systolic pressure is clinically relevant and warrants intervention, such as returning the patient to a recumbent position to help restore blood flow and stabilize blood pressure. This specific threshold helps practitioners identify when a patient is at risk for inadequate cerebral perfusion and related complications. Addressing this issue promptly can help mitigate further risks associated with falling or other injuries related to low blood pressure.